Singapore is using a 140-year-old cooling technique to combat extreme heat.
Can a 140-year-old technology provide relief from today’s scorching heat? Singapore, the world’s second-richest country, has achieved just that. Learn more about the unique ‘district cooling’ technology, which uses underground pipelines to cool buildings instead of bulky air conditioners. Just imagine, the sun is scorching outside, yet the walls and rooms of your home remain cool without any air conditioning. This isn’t a fairy tale, but the reality of Singapore, the world’s second-richest country. Singapore has the highest per capita use of air conditioners in the Asia-Pacific region. While air conditioning may provide relief, it also emits massive amounts of greenhouse gases, making it a suicide mission for Singapore, which is heating at twice the global average. To break this vicious cycle, Singapore has laid a five-kilometer network of underground pipelines in its Pungol neighborhood. This network is keeping buildings cool, resulting in significant energy savings. Known as “district cooling,” this system cools water at a large, central plant. This chilled water is then delivered to individual buildings through underground pipelines, where it absorbs the hot air inside, cooling the rooms. After absorbing the heat, the water returns to the plant, where it is re-cooled and reused. This isn’t a new invention; the concept dates back more than a century. According to academic research, the first such district cooling system, using ammonia or salt water, was developed in Denver, Colorado, in 1889. Temperatures in Singapore are rising at twice the global average. This is why Singapore leads the Asia-Pacific region in per capita AC usage. However, excessive AC use increases electricity demand and greenhouse gas emissions, creating a vicious cycle of heat. Despite saving electricity and benefiting the environment, this technology has some major limitations. District cooling systems require a large amount of water to run smoothly. At a time when data centers are expanding worldwide and water scarcity is becoming a serious global concern, this massive water consumption could prove to be a major challenge in the future.
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